Surveyor&#39;s transit.



R. G. AINSWORTH. SURVEYOES TRANSIT.

APPLICATION FILED FEB.12, 1914.

1,1 3Q,23@. Patented Mar.16,1915.

Z SHEETS-SHEET 1.

THE NORRIS PETERS 00., FHOTQ-LITHQ, WASHINGTON. D. C

R. G. AINSWORTH.

SURVBYOB.S TRANSIT. APPLICATION FILED Emma, 1914.

1 13223., Patented Mar. 16, 1915.

2 SIHEETSSHEET 2.

5mm wwmeowo Q %TATE% PATENT @l lh ltlhl.

RQBERT G. AINSWORTH, 0F DELVER, CQLORADQ.

SUBVEYORS IRANSIL.

Application filed February 12, 181%.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that 1, ROBERT G. Alnswonrn,citizen of the United States, residing in the city and county of Denverand State of Colorado, have invented certain new and useful improvementsin Surveyors Transits; and I do declare the following to be a full,clear, and exact description of the 1nvention, uch will enable othersskilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, ierence being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters andfigures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of thisspecification.

My invention relates to improvements in surveyors transits, my objectbeing to provide construction whereby the limb or rotary member of theinstrument arranged between the upper and lower members thereof may beactuated without interfering with the position of the upper member uponwhich the telescope is mounted.

in one construction common to this class instruments, as heretoforemanufactured, tl e vertically disposed cone-shaped spindle o the uppermember engages throughout its entire length depending sleeve fast uponthe rotary limb of the instrument. Where the last named construction isemployed, if the exterior of the sleeve is not accurately centered withreference to its interior, the rotation of the limb will throw theentire upper member out of proper adjustment. Hence, this form of thedevice necessitates great accuracy of construction.

In my improvement the spindle of the upper member engages a relativelyshort sleeve formed on the limb, while the lower portion of the spindleengages the frame work of the lower or leveling member. Hence, therotary action of the limb has no effect upon the upper member, since itturns or is journaled on an intermediate portion only of the spindle.

Having briefly outlined my present 1mprovement, I will proceed todescribe the same in detail, reference being made to the accompanyingdrawing, in which is illustrated an embodiment thereof.

In this drawing: Figure l is a vertical section taken through the limbof the instrument, also cutting the spindle of the upper member, as wellas the frame work of the lower leveling member. Fig. 2 is a detailelevation of the spindle of the upper member. Fig. 3 is a sectional viewof the sleeve Patented Mar. 1-5, 1915.

fiel'ial N0. $18,434.

of the limb which is shown in detail, or detached from the body of thelimb. Fig. 4 is a view similar to Fig. 1, showing a slightly modifiedform of construction. Fig. 5 is a detail elevation of the spindl of theform of the device shown in ig. 4i. Fig. 6 is a sectional view of thesleeve shown in Fig. l.

The same reference characters indicate the same parts in all the views.

Refer ing first to Figs. 1, 2 and 3, let the numeral 5 designate theupper member of the transit, and numeral 6 the lower member thereof.Arranged to rotate independently of the upper and lower members is thelimb 7, whose body portion 8 is substantially of the same constructionheretofore employed. To the body of this limb is secured a relativelyshort sleeve 9, the attachment being made by means of screws 10 whichpass tlr ough the lower portion of the body of the limb and enterthreaded openings 12 formed in an annular nange 13, with which the upperportion of the sleeve 9 is provided. The lower extremity of the sleeve 9rests upon the upper surface of he frame part 14.: of the lower member6. In this form of construction the spindle 1-5 of the upper member hasan offset 16 intermediate its eX- tremities forming a shoulder betweenthe upper and lower parts 17 and 18 of the spindle. This shoulder alsorests upon the stationary frame part i l of the lower member 6.

The upper extremity 19 of the sleeve 9 does not necessarily engage theannular flange 20 surrounding the upper portion of the spindle in thisform of construction. Hence, as the limb 8 and the sleeve 9 are turned,as is required in the regular performance of the function of theinstrument, the movement of the limb has no effect upon the position ofthe other parts of the instrument, and this is true, even if tl eexterior of the sleeve is not accurately centered, with refer nce to itsinterior. in other words, the axes of the interior and exterior of thesleeve 9 and the axis of the spindle 15 may be noncoincident withoutinterfering in any man ner with the position of the upper member of thedevice, as the limb is rotated.

In order that the spindle and the parts which it engages, namely, thesleeve 9 and the frame 1%, may be properly lubricated automatically, Iprefer to form a small chamber 21 in the upper portion of the spin- Iclaim is:

dle. This chamber or receptacle contains oil or other suitablelubricating material, the upper extremity of the receptacle beingnormally closed by a screw plug 22. From this chamber or receptaclesmall ducts 23 and 24 lead to the outer surface of the spindle,terminating respectively above and below the shoulder 16 of the spindle.

In the form of construction shown in Figs. 4, 5 and 6, the spindle ofthe upper member of the instrument constitutes the frustum of a conebeing devoid of the inter.- mediate offset shown in the other form ofconstruction. This form of spindle may be designated by the numeral 25.In this form of the device the top flange 26 of the spindle rests uponthe upper extremity 27 of r the sleeve 28 of the limb, while the lowerextremity 29 of the said sleeve bears upon the adjacent surface 30 ofthe frame of the lower 'member, the said bearing surface of the sleeveextending to the spindle, as the latter is uniformly cone-shaped betweenits extremities. With the exception that in this form of constructionthe top flange of the I spindle of the upper-member must rest upon theupper extremity of thesleeve of the limb, the operation of the twoconstructions are substantially similar. 7

The form shown in Figs. 1 and 2 is believed preferable, since lessaccuracy is required in its construction, due to the fact that the upperextremity of the sleeve, as it does not necessarily engage the flange 20of the spindle, need not be absolutely accurate, since slight inaccuracywould not interfere in any way with the position of the upper memberduring the adjustment of the rotary limb in the manner common to thisclass of instruments, and as heretofore explained.

Having 1. In a surveyors transit, the combination of an upper memberprovided with a spindle and a limb member provided with a sleeve, thelatter being journaled upon the spindle of the upper member intermediatethe extremities of the said spindle, substantially as described.

2. In an instrument of the class described, the combination of an uppermember, a limb member, and a lower member, the upper member providedwith a spindle and the limb member provided with a sleeve journaled uponthe upperportion of the said spindle, the lower extremity of the sleeveengaging the framework of the lower member, the spindle of the uppermember havthus described my invention, what 7 3. A surveyors transitincluding an upper -member; a limb member and a lower memher, the uppermember provided with a spindle, an annular flange on the top of the saidspindle, the limb member having a sleeve journaled upon the upperportion of the spindle and occupying a position below the said flange,the spindle alsohaving an oifset intermediate its extremities whichengagesthe frame-work of the lower member of the instrument, the lowerextremity ofthe sleeve of the limb also engaging the frame work of thelower member, while its upper extremity is free from engagement with theflange of the spindle, substantially as described.

4. A surveyors transit including an upper member, a limb member and alower memher, the upper member provided with a spindle and the limbmember having a sleeve journaled upon the said spindle and having itslower extremity bearing upon the frame work of the lower member, thelower por-' tion ofthe spindle engaging a socket formed in the frameworkof the lower member, the spindle having a lubricant containingreceptacle and ducts leading therefrom to the upper and lower bearingportions of the spindle, substantially as described, 7

5. A surveyors transit including an upper member, a limb member and alower member, the upper member provided with a spindle and the limbmember having a sleeve journaled upon said spindle intermediate theextremities of the latter, the lower extremity of the sleeve bearingupon the frame work of the lower member, the spindle of the upper memberhaving an ofiset intermediate its extremities, and in the plane of thelower extremity of the saidsleeve, the offset of the spindle alsobearing upon the frame work of the lower member, the. spindle having alubricant containing receptacle and also provided with'ducts leadingtherefrom to thebearing portions of the spindle above and below itsoffset, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two Witnesses.

ROBT. o. AINSWORTH.

Oopien of this patent may be obtained for five 'cents each, byaddressing the Commissioner at rams. Washington, 1L0.

